Boiler-furnace



(No Model.)

A. BAOKUS, Jr.

BOILER FURNACE.

N0. 293,9 Patented Feb. 19, 1884,

WIN/5885s IIVI/E/VTOH Afforney H. PETERS. Pholo-Ullwgmphur, Washington.4115 UNITED STATES P TENT OFFICE.

ABSALOM BAOKUS, JR, or DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

BOILER-FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 293,933, datedFebruaryvl9, 1884. Application filed November 30, 1883. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it 7nay concern Be it known that I, ABSALOM BACKUS,J1., ofDetroit, county of Wayne, State of Michigan, have invented a new anduseful Improvement in Boiler-Furnaces; and I declare the following to bea full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it pertains to make'and use it,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part ofthis specification.

My invention consists of the combination of devices and applianceshereinafter specified and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a sectional view of my steam-boiler furnace and adjacent'parts. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of thesame, with portionsbroken away.

It is the object of this invention to produce a furnace designed moreparticularly for use in wood working establishments where the fuelconsists of sawdust, shavings, small waste, &c., which accumulates aboutthe machinery, and is carried by blast, by conveyors, or other means, tothe furnace -room for that purpose. In furnaces of this character I findseveral objects desirable to be incorporated, to wit: It being necessaryto very frequently charge the furnace with fuel, the fireman should notbe obliged every time to open and close furnace-doors. On the otherhand, the fire being very fierce, the direct radiation toward thefireman should be prevented, and the opening into the furnace should beof such a character as not to materially detract from the effectivenessof the furnace by the admission of a stream of cold air between thesurface of the fuel and the exposed surfaces of the boiler. Air shouldbe provided as hot as possible at the bridge-wall to furnish oxygenadequate for the perfect combustion of the fuel, andconsequentprevention of smoke, and, finally, the arrangement should besuch that the shavings, 850., may be scraped or slid over the flooritself directly into the furnace.

The following is a description of my improved furnace.

A is an ordinary boiler, that in the drawings representing areturn-fiueboiler, in which the products of combustion passing beneaththe boiler to its rear end are deflected thence through the return-flueto the breeching and uptake located at its forward end.

B is the combustion-chamber, and G is the grate. The grate I prefer tomake with a horizontal section and an upright section,as sh own, inorder to supply a large grate-surface in proper position for effecivelyburning the fuel dumped upon it from above. The effect of thisarrangement of the grate is to give to the fuel substantiallya uniformdepth over the entire grate-surface, and at the same time the settlingof the fuel as combustion progresses causes the ashes to drop through,and so keep the grate clear without stoking.

D is a bridge-wall.

E is an air-flue, entering from the front, or from any other convenientposition. Passing thence through the division -walls it terminates inthe top of the bridge-wall, and so supplies air through the openings 6at this point to assist in combustio, I prefer to introduce the air thusthrough the division -walls. in order 7 that it may be thoroughly heatedbefore escaping at the bridge-wall.

F is an arch between the division-wall and the front of the furnace.

G is the front wall of the ash-pit. It is projected up to about thelevel of the bottom of the boiler, more or less, and the fuel-fioor H islocated at its top. Between the fuel-floor and the boiler is a feedingthroat or opening, I, and I is a suitable plate that may be dropped downto close the feed -throat whenever it is desired to check the fire bycutting off the draft. Of course the uptake is provided with the usualdampers also for this purpose.

It will be observed that the arch F is so located that it preventsdirect radiation from the fierce fire in the furnace into the face ofthe fireman, who may be feeding fuel into the throat I above. This archalso serves with the adjacent upright portion of the grate and thefuel-throat to constitute a kind of hopper, which may be filled more orless with-fuel, the fuel igniting and burning rapidly from the lowerpart of the arch in the combustionchamber proper, although it is in astate of quite active combustion in the lower part of this hopper.

J is a chute, through which shavings, &c., descend to the fuel-room.

K is a cut-off valve for cutting off or regustrong a draft down throughthe throat I as to plies the necessary additional oxygen at this latingthe flow of shavings, 810., through the I chute.

L is a doorway for access to the ash-pit; M, a similar doorway foraccess to the boilerfiues.

Lis a doorleading into the chamber beneath the feeding-floor. It isapparent that the fireman can very. quickly charge the furnace by simplyscraping the fuel over the floor into the throat I, while the archserves to prevent radiation back into the face of the fireman. It isalso apparent that there will always be so overcome any liability of thefire creepingbaek from the entrance of the throat into the fuel above.The fireman can regulate the draft through the throat I by regulatingthe amount of air admitted through the door L beneath the grate, for themore air admitted by this last passage the less will be the draftthrough the throat I, and vice versa. This arrangement of thefeeding-floor H on a level above the furnace enables one fireman to'dowhat ordinarily requires at least two to accomplish, while the draftbeneath the grate and the removal. of ashes, &c., can be accomplishedwithout in any way disturbing the working of the fireman above orendangering the light fuel at the mouth of the chute. The 'air. ad.-mitted through the fines E, escaping at e, suppoint to effect a thoroughcombustion of the fuel.

By this construction of furnace the cold air entering the open throat Iis kept away from direct contact with the boiler, and is carried down aconsiderable distance and discharged beneath the arch, so that when itagain rises against the boiler it is commingled with the products ofcombustion and contributes to the intensity of the heat. Theconstruction therefore does away with the pernicious effect upon theboiler of alternate heating and cooling of its shell contiguous to thefurnace, which is well-known to be a prolific cause of deterioration andeventual rupture and disintegration of the boiler-shell.

WVhat I claim is 1. The combination, in a furnace for burn ing sawdustand similar substances, of the boiler, the feeding-floor at or near thelevel of the boiler, the feeding throat between the boiler and the edgeof the floor, the grate, the combustion-chamber, the bridge-wall at therear of the combustion-chamber, and the arch depending below the boilerover the grate and between the rear bridge-wall and combustionchamberand the rear edge of the feedingthroat, for dividing said throat fromthe combustion-chamber proper, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the boiler, the feeding-floor at or near the levelof the boiler, the

feeding-throat between the rear edge of the floor and the boiler, thefire-grate composed of a horizontal section, and an upright sectionextending directly from the front edge of the same, the combustionchamber, the bridgewall at the rear thereof, and the pendent arch overthe horizontal section of the grate, and arranged between thecombustion-chamber and bridge-wall and the rear edge of the feeding-throat, for dividing said throat from the combustion-chamber proper,substantially as described.

3. The combination of the boiler, the front furnace-wall, G, thefeeding-floor 1-1 over the latter, the feeding-throat I'between theboiler and the rear edge of the floor, the fire-grate O, composed of thehorizontal and upright sections between the bridge-wall and the frontfurnace-wall, the combustion-chamber B, and (he pendent arch F, betweenthe front wall and the bridge-wall, arranged to divide thefeeding-throat from the combustion-chamber, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the boiler, the feeding-floor at or near a leveltherewith, the feeding-throat formed between the rear edge of thefeeding-floor and the front end of the boiler,

and the arch depending from the rear edge of the feeding-throat directlyover the fire-grate, and between said throat and the bridge-wall, todivide said throat from the combustionchamber and also direct the coldair downward, substantially as described. In testimony whereof I signthis in the presence of two witnesses.

ABSALOM' BAOKUS, J R.

specification Vitnesses:

N. S. \VRIGHT, M. B. ODOGHERTY.

